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A Distinction with a Difference

Amp posted the Cisgendered Privilege Checklist, and it and its comments section are an interesting read.

Before I get into it, I want to highlight this comment, which is annoying:

10) I do not have to worry that someone wants to be my friend or have sex with me in order to prove his or her “hipness” or good politics.

Many people face this for many different reasons. Transgendered people face it in a particular way, but other people face it in other ways. I could come up with a dozen examples.

23) People do not use me as a scapegoat for their own unresolved gender issues.

Meh. That sounds like the human condition to me; everyone using everyone else as a scapegoat.

You know, this is true: there are a lot of different kinds of prejudice out there, and there are aspects common to them. The Bay Area Reporter just published an article about race-based attraction–“Seeking versatile top for Friday Folsom Fun–no Latinos pls”–which quoted people who have a lot in common with trannychasers. In fact, it’s difficult to think of an affiliation that has not been set down on one side of “acceptable” or the other.

That’s not relevant. I can be privileged by my skin color and marginalized by virtue of my gender identity. A danger–assault, eviction, harassment–does not have to be unique to a single marginalized group in order for that group to claim it as a danger they face as group members. Were that true, no one could claim that prejudice had ever damaged them. Hatred is not terribly creative, and a tactic that terrorizes one minority can easily be recycled to damage another.

I think that the checklist is a great idea, but I think that some of it is a little careless. There’s one conflation in particular that needs some more elaboration: transsexual and gendervariant. Some of the linking is straightforward coalition politics. Some of it is a pragmatic acknowledgement of the ways in which prejudice against transsexuals and prejudice against gendervariant people manifest in similar ways. It’s useful and proper to link the two. There are some differences, however, and it’s important to talk about them when you’re getting into the mechanics of privilege. Transgender is sometimes used as shorthand for “transsexual”–e.g. to some of the doctors who have treated me–sometimes as shorthand for “gendervariant inclusive of transsexual,” and sometimes as shorthand for “gendervariant excluding transsexuals.” I’m not going to use it in this post for that reason. For purposes of this argument, “transsexual” will cover “people who live as the gender they were not assigned at birth.” I think. Maybe I’ll come back to that definition.

Robert Eads is one example of someone who suffered because he was transsexual in a way distinct from gendervariant. Robert Eads was a transman who lived in Georgia, the focus of the documentary Southern Comfort. He had transitioned several years before his death, and lived completely as male. He presented as your average, heterosexual guy, a self-described good ol’ boy, and was not targeted for harassment for being insufficiently masculine or apparently queer. In one scene in Southern Comfort, he describes being approached by someone on behalf of an offshoot of the local Klan. He was just a wee bit creeped out by Mr. Murderous Paranoiac White-Supremacist Militia Guy, but he also remembers being a little tickled: Dude, you have no idea. He was not gendervariant–and it’s important to acknowledge that he had some access to privilege in relation to people who are visibly gendervariant.

Eads died of ovarian cancer in 1999. More than two dozen physicians refused to treat him, even when it was clear that there was something seriously wrong with his health. Even when he was in extremis:

Eads sadly tells us about a morning when he woke up “in a pool of blood,” hemorrhaging from ovarian cancer. But even though his friends called dozens of gynecologists and emergency rooms in greater Atlanta, it took three weeks to find someone who would agree to see him. It was probably too late already; he should have been getting regular gynecological checkups but was too uncomfortable or too poor to educate doctors, nurses, and receptionists who recoiled from the unfamiliar combination of a male body and female innards. Nevertheless, it’s inexcusable that someone in extreme need was refused medical treatment. Yet precisely that happens often enough that many transsexuals would rather die (often literally, one activist told me) than see a doctor.

Eads was deprived of medical care because of hatred specific to transsexuals. Had he been able to obtain regular checkups, let alone treatment when something went wrong, he might still be alive. His last days certainly would have been more peaceful.

In this article, Eads’ partner, Lola Cola, tells a story that didn’t make it into the movie:

After it became apparent that Robert was going to die, he was depressed. So he asked his doctor, would he please prescribe this one medication that had helped him before. And the doctor said, “That’s not my bag, so let’s just send you over to the shrink.” And the shrink tells him, “Your real problem is that you are not dealing with the fact that you’re really a woman”–and makes a move to have him committed [right then and there]. And there was, like, this brawl with cops and everything. [Robert] didn’t get out of the office fast enough, and so he was, like, wrestling with these cops, and they dragged him down to the state hospital. Well, it turns out that one of the cops on the scene was gay and approached the director of the hospital and let her know what was going on, and she let Robert go.


16 thoughts on A Distinction with a Difference

  1. yes, i picked up on your first point as well, and posted a comment accordingly. you are also right about the lack of elaboration between transsexual and gendervariant though, and perhaps the checklist name ought to have been maintained as “the non-trans checklist”.

  2. Hatred is not terribly creative, and a tactic that terrorizes one minority can easily be recycled to damage another.

    And quite often is, such as in the arguments against marriage equality, and against immigrants and so on. What’s amazing to me is that you can have all the discussions in the world (after the fact, usually) about how this or that treatment of this or that group was so wrong , but as soon as a new group to hate appears on the horizon, the same hate speech is trotted out and people fall for it all over again.

    I won’t comment on some of the stuff, having an imperfect understanding of some of the issues, but will on the simple things, such as a right to requested medical care (whatever happened to “First, do no harm”?), to basic human dignity and the right to live his life as he saw fit (standard caveats about harming others, etc) .

    The question is often asked by marginalized people… how long will it take?

    I thought of that when I saw this line:

    Eads was deprived of medical care because of hatred specific to transsexuals.

    This procedure is nothing new… I remember reading Christine Jorgensen’s book when I was quite young… 10 or 11 or so, maybe (don’t ask me how I got hold of it – I think my older brother brought it home). The entire concept of being born one gender in the body of another, and then getting that somehow put right seemed (and still does) quite sensible to me, probably because I first encountered it at such a young age.

    That was almost 40 years ago… I cannot understand why all this time later those in the medical profession, especially, would be so freaked out at this that they would not only refuse treatment, but that he (and others) would not feel comfortable going in for regular checkups in the first place. That is just unconscionable.

  3. piny, you’re making good points. (And I hope you don’t mind me jumping in, as the commentator you quoted.)

    But here’s a thing:

    A danger–assault, eviction, harassment–does not have to be unique to a single marginalized group in order for that group to claim it as a danger they face as group members

    The list isn’t of “things faced by transpeople.” The list is of “things not faced by non-trans people.” Which is why I felt it was appropriate to comment as I did.

    On Alas, you mentioned “Oppression Olympics.” Nice turn of phrase. I think it’s important to be able to look at people “other” than ourselves and notice our commonality, while still acknowledging the oppression.

    What Eads faced was a nightmare, and wrong by every definition of wrong. Wrong on oppression, wrong on gender issues, wrong on medical ethics, wrong wrong wrong. And communcating about transgendered issues definitely needs to include awareness about such situations, as the list certainly did. But a list that says, if you’re cisgendered you do not face XYZ is, itself, othering, and ripe for the kind of nitpicking I did.

  4. I don’t mind at all.

    So how do you talk about things faced by transpeople because they are transsexual? The dangers I face–and the ones Robert Eads faced–are different because we are transsexual. Were I cisgendered, I would indeed have cisgendered privilege. How would you phrase things to acknowledge that, rather than just complaining about lists that try to describe the differences?

  5. How would you phrase things to acknowledge that, rather than just complaining about lists that try to describe the differences?

    Good question. Challenging. And now I don’t feel so weird about what I posted, because it’s created an opportunity for dialogue and discussion, which is one of my favorite things.

    Speaking only for myself, what moves me the most in this world is people speaking personally. Eads’s story taught me much more than the list did.

    I have several thoughts. One is a list that provides the generalization and an example for each item? One is to simply be thoughtful about what other people face when thinking about what you, yourself face. One of the items that bothered me was:

    5) My politics are not questioned based on the choices I make with regard to my body.

    And honestly, I think that’s phrased in a thoughtless manner. This very blog has had long, contentious conversations that got into questioning women’s politics based upon whether or not they breastfed.

    One unfortunate thing that oppressed people sometimes do is kick their potential allies in the ass. The lesbian community has a history of kicking transwomen in exactly that way. Gays and lesbians have a history kicking Teh Bi. So things on the list that look like kicks to me made me uncomfortable.

    If that item #5 was clarified, by saying “my politics within the trans community” or whatever, that would help a lot. In fact, I’m not even sure what this statement of privilege refers to, which is probably ignorance on my part.

    One possibility would be to have a list written by two people jointly, one on either side of oppression. That would be fascinating.

    For instance, when I get here:

    3) When initiating sex with someone, I do not have to worry that they won’t be able to deal with my parts or that having sex with me will cause my partner to question his or her own sexual orientation.

    Wow, I definitely don’t face that. That’s scary. That’s upsetting. I can use an item like that to visualize the oppression and get a sense of it. The privilege is “unpacked” because now I can see what was in the knapsack that I never looked at.

    Which is what a list like that is for, isn’t it?

  6. THe story of Robert Eads; horrible that such treatment is allowable and especially among those assigned with such powers to make decisions so important in people’s lives.

    But alas, I remember clearly being labeled as ‘bipolar’ without any clear evidence, simply because I was stressed beyond breaking by living being a single mother living in poverty. The diagnosis was refuted and thrown out, but not after a few years of discrimination, shame and lost economic opportunity.

    Not that that has any real statement on the Robert Eads tragedy except that those that we as a society are taught to entrust with such huge decisions that impact people’s lives quite often demonstrate less capacity or empathy than even my auto mechanic downtown.

    I know that’s off topic somewhat I apologize.

  7. If that item #5 was clarified, by saying “my politics within the trans community” or whatever, that would help a lot. In fact, I’m not even sure what this statement of privilege refers to, which is probably ignorance on my part.

    Basically, transpeople are politicized against their will. Transition can be a political decision–just like, say, the decision to limit one’s romantic activities to women. I would say, however, that transition is not usually or primarily political. Despite that, transpeople are pushed into political categories against their will–transition is seen as prima facie evidence of a certain outlook towards gender and the world, although the specific charge shifts depending on the beholder.

  8. piny, I’m not sure it’s possible to claim ‘transsexual’ as the correct term here, rather than ‘gender variant’. What about someone who passes as a woman or a man, but doesn’t transition medically and emphatically doesn’t consder herelf or himself transsexual? What about, for example, Billy Tipton? What about the huge number of gender variant people in the world whose language is not English, and in whose vocabularies ‘transsexual’ is not? Are you going to insist that those people, who experience precisely the same dangers in terms of having bodies that trouble their socially visible gender (or sex), also be classed as ‘transsexual’, so you can claim that these dangers affect ‘transsexual’ people rather than ‘gender variant’ people?

    Identity: it don’t work; or rather, it only works to exclude. Why can’t you just talk about ‘people whose physical bodies trouble their socially visible gender, or sex” (or substitute your phrase for describing what happens in this particular instance) and leave it at that?

  9. The list isn’t of “things faced by transpeople.” The list is of “things not faced by non-trans people.” Which is why I felt it was appropriate to comment as I did.

    I disagree. I believe it is a list of things not faced by cisgendered people on the basis of being cisgendered. Which is not to say that you may not face some of the same things on other bases, but you will not face them on the basis of being cisgendered.

    5) My politics are not questioned based on the choices I make with regard to my body.

    Why do you regard that as being kicked in the ass by a potential ally? The fact is, that does not happen to you because you are cisgendered. It happens to you because you are a woman. Nothing about that list denies it happens to people for reasons other than being cisgendered. Why isn’t that a “Wow, I totally get that” thing, which is more likely to make you an ally, rather than a “Hey, that doesn’t only happen to you, you know” thing, which is more likely to piss you off? I don’t think those checklists are meant to be in competition with other privilege checklists. It’s very interesting to see how much overlap there is across different privilege checklists, as that is likelier to increase your base of potential allies, IMO. Especially when some members of one group might be biased against members of another group. If (the generic) you realize that you face some of the same problems, you might be more likely to examine your own bias.

  10. Identity: it don’t work; or rather, it only works to exclude. Why can’t you just talk about ‘people whose physical bodies trouble their socially visible gender, or sex” (or substitute your phrase for describing what happens in this particular instance) and leave it at that?

    That’s a good point, and I think this language is a good substitute.

  11. Not directly relevant to this piece, but posted here because I’d love to see a full post on it: the NYT Magazine ran a piece on intersex infants today. Money quote, for your readers’ purposes:

    The vast majority of adults — parents and doctors included — find intersex bodies, especially sexualized intersex bodies, unsettling. Karkazis, the medical anthropologist, heard from clinicians she interviewed of numerous cases of parents who initially decided against surgery but changed their minds when their children started to explore their own sex organs, often around the age of 2. “Masturbation in little girls with clitoromegaly” — abnormal enlargement of the clitoris — “is a situation I’ve encountered quite a few times, and that’s actually pushed many parents toward surgical intervention,” one doctor told Karkazis. “The little girl was masturbating, and the parents just fell apart and were back in the office the next week for surgery.”

    Because we all know that non-intersex girls never masturbate…

  12. Thank you so much for linking this, srt. This quote is also cringeworthy:

    As one mother of an intersex girl wrote on a message board: “How can anyone possibly think that a child can grow up and feel confident of her sexuality looking down at her genitals that look like a penis? Come on.”

    Well, with parents like these, intersex children are destined to feel crappy about their bodies before they have time to form their own opinions about their genitals and their identities.

  13. I disagree. I believe it is a list of things not faced by cisgendered people on the basis of being cisgendered. Which is not to say that you may not face some of the same things on other bases, but you will not face them on the basis of being cisgendered.

    Lesely, thank you. This is the first time I’ve understood this argument. I know this may sound unbelievable pigheaded of me, but I honestly never saw that “because you are cisgendered” thing in there. Truly. Never saw it.

    Now I get it. Thank you for having the patience to explain.

    The list should have a statement that as preamble. Because although I am sometimes thick, I am pretty smart, and if I didn’t get it, I’m betting that others didn’t either.

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