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Feminist vs. Feminist

Apparently, there’s nothing more fun than a feminist cat-fight — especially when it’s set up by a feminist author.

Naomi Wolf, author of The Beauty Myth, reviews a new biography of Cosmopolitan magazine founder Helen Gurley-Brown, and uses it as an opportunity to declare young, fun feminists “the winners” in the feminism wars.

“Sex and the Single Girl,” Brown’s brash, breezy and sometimes scandalous young-woman’s guide to thriving in the Mad Men and Playboy era, made headlines the year before Friedan’s severe, profound manifesto burst onto the scene. Since then, the media and the women’s movement itself have put these two icons in opposition, pitting Friedan’s intellectual, ideological, group-oriented feminism against Brown’s pull-yourself-up-by-your-bootstraps, girl-power style. They contrast the Seven-Sisters-educated, brainy, politically serious Friedan with the working-class, aspirational and funny Brown, who claimed that a woman could be happy whether single or married, that she could have sex on her own terms, and that she should refuse to see herself as a victim and have fun.

And guess what? In the long battle between the two styles of feminism, Brown, for now, has won. Just look at the culture around us. Ms. Magazine, the earnest publication that defined feminism in the 1970s and ’80s, has been replaced on college women’s dorm room shelves by sexier, sassier updates such as Bitch and Bust. The four talented, smart — and feminist — women of “Sex and the City,” who are intent on defining their own lives but are also willing to talk about Manolos and men, look more like Brown’s type of heroine than “Sisterhood Is Powerful” readers. The stereotype of feminists as asexual, hirsute Amazons in Birkenstocks that has reigned on campus for the past two decades has been replaced by a breezy vision of hip, smart young women who will take a date to the right-on, woman-friendly sex shop Babeland.

So instead of boring stuff like Women’s Studies classes, today’s feminists are interested in sex toys — while the old-lady feminists are walking around with their Birkenstocks and hairy armpits.

Don’t we get this kind of dumbed-down narrative enough whenever mainstream media covers feminism? Do we really need a feminist regurgitating it?

Of course, in the real world, younger women are also involved in academia and grassroots activism, and older women are culturally engaged and sexual. The author of Gurley Brown’s biography is a professor of Women’s Studies at Bowdoin — one of those asexual Amazons who also writes about a sexual revolutionary. Funny how our actual lives don’t fit so neatly into generational stereotypes.

But then Wolf manages to take a swipe at younger feminists, too:

But that very individualism, which has been great for feminism’s rebranding, is also its weakness: It can be fun and frisky, but too often, it’s ahistorical and apolitical. As many older feminists justly point out, the world isn’t going to change because a lot of young women feel confident and personally empowered, if they don’t have grass-roots groups or lobbies to advance woman-friendly policies, help women break through the glass ceiling, develop decent work-family support structures or solidify real political clout.

Feminism had to reinvent itself — there was no way to sustain the uber-seriousness and sometimes judgmental tone of the second wave. But feminists are in danger if we don’t know our history, and a saucy tattoo and a condom do not a revolution make.

…right. Because younger women aren’t mobilizing or creating positive change in their communities. We’re just getting lower back tattoos and having lots of sex. Next.


42 thoughts on Feminist vs. Feminist

  1. I’ve only seen the first season, but I would hardly consider the women of “Sex and the City” to be feminist.

  2. Somethings off here. I don’t recall HGB ever being labled feminist, at least by the feminist establishment: steinem, friedan, etc. If anything she was always considered like camille paglia, ayn rand, margaret thatcher, or sarah palin…feminist in a sort of literal sense in that they broke down barriers and challenged traditional gender roles, but ultimately defenders of the patriarchy because of their politics and their relationship to capitalism in particular. this sort of //s the way clarence thomas is considered both vanguard and uncle tom.

    but for some reason wolf is taking hgb seriously as a feminist now, perhaps in recognition that the leftist/communalistic/academic version of feminism isn’t popular or relevant to most career-minded women.

    and of course she doesn’t like that, but etihter would most people on feminste, no?

  3. Funny how young, sexy feminists fit much more comfortably into the consumerism ideal. Can’t imagine why a magazine founder would be pushing that kind of feminism.

    Sexy = spending cash. So long as we have them all doing that, the status quo won’t change too much.

  4. Ugh. Wolf is so dismissive of every woman in the universe who is not her. Or, apparently, Carrie Bradshaw.

    Let me see if I have her list right.

    Feminists:
    Fictional (white, rich) TV characters

    Non-feminists:
    academics
    older “feminists”
    younger “feminists”
    readers of Ms.
    readers of Bust
    politically inept women everywhere

    Got it.

  5. Brilliant! I read about this and saw the article referenced on another blog, actually–Eye of the Storm, the homebase for anarchist academic Crispin Sartwell. His thoughts go in a similar vein to yours. I’m going to save myself some time and reproduce my comment from there, here. The blog I refer to (which has some Feministe-er traffic already, thanks friends!) and on which I intend to compose the “Whither Chastity?” piece is The Deliverators.

    I also think that it is a bit depressing that the author of The Beauty Myth feels the need to celebrate Cosmo, whose covers certainly do nothing to redefine Western standards for female attractiveness. Nor their ads.

    Here’s my long-ass comment on this topic:

    My life was changed when I read Andrea Dworkin, Catherine MacKinnon and Kate Millet–the radical feminists who Naomi Wolf lumps in with the “second wave” of feminism. I think that each of these women might put a more nuanced spin on that–the bourgeois feminists of the time certainly tried to hide them, ignore them and went out of their way to attack them, Dworkin in particular. The funny thing is I have never heard an anti-radical feminist say that these women were WRONG, never heard them effectively undo their analysis, just complaints that they were mean, sad, dark, anti-sex, anti-man and “puritanical.” Of course they are mean, sad and dark–their points of analysis were sexualized violence and exploitation. The complaints about them being anti-sex or anti-man are straw man arguments: they desired a sex that was free of violence, and wanted males to be defined in some way other than through the violence inherent in masculinity.

    I think that the philosophies and arguments of these women have never been effectively taken into account and that they have valuable applications even beyond gender studies. MacKinnon’s critique of liberalism on 5 dimensions–naturalism, individualism, voluntarism, idealism and moralism–is, I think, perhaps the best framework for critiquing liberal dogma I’ve seen. Her idea of difference/dominance as liberal and radical definitions of inequality and how the liberal idea allows for the maintenance of established structures of oppression is also applicable to a wide range of phenomena. Finally, she developed the most succinct and inarguable definition of the gender structure, a mere six words: “men fuck women, subject verb object.” These ideas have been shunted to the side by Wolf and her comrades in a way that hardly makes me confident that “theory is over.”

    I have some notes pulled together for an essay I will someday write, perhaps soon, to be entitled “Whither Chastity?” which will attempt to answer the question posed. At the heart of my ideas so far is a kind of marriage of Foucault and Dworkin/MacKinnon (what a strange marriage that would be…). I think that the kind of lipsmacking, you-go-girl, sexually liberated feminism that Wolf here celebrates is actually nothing less than a rationalization of patriarchy. Before the sexual revolutions of the 20th century gender dominance was administered in an open, violent fashion–women were property, men property holders, women who asserted their humanity were violently suppressed or thrown out on the streets to trick or die. The sexual revolution served as a defining down of the double standard–just like when a school loses a Title IX case and instead of improving facilities for women’s sports they just unplug the scoreboard and lock up a gym for the boys it wasn’t that men were now expected to be pure and chaste, but that women were defined down to the rake-ishness of men. The result is that women are now sex objects and men seducers. The hierarchy is no longer openly violent, instead it is the gaze of men, the constant surrveillance and normalizing discourses of our sexually liberated culture that keep women in a subordinate position. This is because despite being characterized as the same in their rights there is a disparity between men and women that allows power to accrue on the side of men and thus against women: men’s access to sexualized violence. They still have access to this violence, and are still happy to use it, but ultimately the patriarchy is far less openly violent in the past. It is much more rational, more efficient and less visible which makes it harder to attack. If you do you’ll be called mean, sad, dark, anti-sex, anti-man and puritanical.

    This is just the beginning, there is a lot more I have to say on the subject. But to say “oh well, we’re liberated because of the sexual revolution” is far too simplistic. Wolf would do well to go back and re-read Millet’s Sexual Politics or everything by Andrea Dworkin (the best English-language polemicist of our time). Better yet she might like the anarcha-feminist critiques; all of this would make her wonder if the time for theory really is over and whether just passing some laws will really achieve true and fundamental equality for women.

  6. i have hairy arm pits, have a lower back tattoo that i got at my all girls boarding school, i volunteer on a feminist news radio show, am considering doing my ma in women’s studies, and i like sex with boys and girls. which kind of feminist am i?

  7. Callie, great list, but you forgot to add “women who aren’t white” to your “non-feminist” list. Clearly they can’t be feminists because they don’t exist. Well, at least not in Sex and the City feminism. Whitewashed right out of existence.

  8. I really don’t think much of Naomi Wolf after reading her comments about abortion. Maybe she has some good ideas, but I just can’t stomach the abortion comments.

  9. Didn’t Wolf also write recently about how “hook up culture” is bad and women should be going on more official dates or they’d end up all alone? I could be getting the specifics wrong, but I know it was along those lines.

    I know now that there are problems with The Beauty Myth (i.e. very white focused), but the fact remains that the book seriously changed my life. It did. I revolutionized the way I see my body and the way I see my personal worth (though, of course, nothing is ever perfect).

    And yet, Wolf has been on quite the downward spiral in more recent years. I’m pretty sure that when I hear her name it’s always either “The Beauty Myth!” or “What the fuck?”

  10. Whenever I read Wolf, I think she is just talking about herself. This article sounds very much like her own inner struggle with her view of herself as a feminist. When she wrote “Fire with Fire” she was all about personal empowerment, and encouraging women to throw off the victim mantle. This sounds like what she is describing in her version of the modern feminist movement.

    Then, when she had a baby and wrote “(mis)conceptions” she all of a sudden realized that not all of the problems feminists address can be met on one’s own. Suddenly she was for organizing as part of the solution.

    So, here in this article, we hear a very confused sounding account. First, she speaks from her former perspective of self-empowerment. Then, she criticizes from her later perspective, that self-empowerment is not enough.

    I know everyone is influenced by their own perspective, but Wolf seems to me to be particularly mired in her own experience. Her books are interesting to the extent that you share her experience, but they don’t really broaden or deepen feminist understanding.

  11. It’s as if this article was written on a different planet. This tired, stereotyped, consumerist bullshit literally exists in a different world than make/shift, the AMC, the Speak collective, Bound Not Gagged…every single place where women are organizing and supporting each other and creating.

    This “first/second/third wave” way of thinking about feminism is utterly inapplicable to many women’s actual lives and work. I’m not offended or angry, just…left cold.

  12. Oh for goodness sake. I love Naomi Wolf — for The End of America much more than her feminism-related work, and for good reason, because she seems to do this kind of thing regularly.

    Great post.

  13. Next in the news, breezy marketing crap about pop culture is more popular than something that might actually make you uncomfortable to think about, and can get you called a castrating bitch if you actually do anything about it in public.

    Relax, put on makeup, and stop making actual waves. Go have fun. The ERA and violence against women act will pass themselves, right? And by the way, here’s the dress code, so above all, be pretty!

    *head desk*

  14. Silly LBC – if they can’t categorize you, you don’t exist!

    I think Bakka hit the nail on the head – Wolf mostly writes about herself, and extrapolates. Sometimes it works (largely depending on the audience), sometimes it really doesn’t. It’s a style similar to Camille Paglia, except that I find Wolf to be less abrasive.

    I’m a big fan of Bust, fizzy humour, sparkling makeup and giant pink cocktails – I’m just not sure that it makes me a person who doesn’t have any serious political views or can’t appreciate or even incorporate theory.

    I think what Wolf might be missing here is the simple generational gap – I think we all tend to narrow down to a more practical focus when we’re older. I don’t expect Bust to be immediately relevant to my life when I’m 60 (never say never, though), and it will have nothing to do with the magazine’s quality or overall cultural significance.

  15. Clearly, the young strawfeminists are far more superficial than their strawfeminist elders.

  16. LBC FTW!

    It may be convenient or even necessary to separate things into neat categories for policy purposes; and I do it too. But those separations are artificial constructs. Their only use is to provide some explanatory power for the messy, noisy data of people’s real lives. When these distinctions are worked out by folks with a very narrow view, what the model leaves out will overwhelm its explanatory power.

  17. Well said, Jill.

    You know, I have had such great conversations with Courtney Martin, Deborah Siegel, and Kristal Brent Zook since we have formed the WomenGirlsLadies intergenerational feminist panel. We don’t see the world alike–that’s the point–but surely we aren’t alone in feeling we have more to learn and appreciate about one another than we have to fight about. It’s the media’s false balance that allows people like Naomi to sell their polarized notions and become perceived as “the truth”.

    (You can check out http://womengirlsladies.blogspot.com/ if you want to know more about us, see where we’ll be next, or tell us something.)

  18. I’m a big fan of Bust, fizzy humour, sparkling makeup and giant pink cocktails – I’m just not sure that it makes me a person who doesn’t have any serious political views or can’t appreciate or even incorporate theory.

    And I’m a big fan of dry historical texts, sneakers, World Cup soccer, and craft ales. And yet shockingly, despite outward appearances, I don’t spend all my time doing Armpit Hair Spot Checks in the doorway of the local feminist bookshop.

  19. If I remember correctly, HGB wrote that women should expect to “put out” sexually if their male companion pays for dinner. I wonder if Wolf addresses that little gem of awful advice?

  20. I never know how to take Naomi Wolf. One minute she makes perfect sense; the next, she goes completely off the rails into Camille Paglia/Germaine Greer territory.

  21. Hey, speaking of Naomi Wolf being annoying, can I link this? Because it’s awesome:

    http://www.thenation.com/doc/20011126/douglas

    Bitch isn’t just “sassier.” It’s smarter, deeper, better at covering queers, and less mainstream than Ms. magazine. It also responds to its younger constituency–it’s not so much about being fun as written by and about younger women. And it wouldn’t head an article about abstinence-ed for Indian school girls with, “Have they forgotten the Kama Sutra?”

    Has any movement–or any community–ever been exempt from these generational shifts in focus or presentation? Has any organization ever not faced challenges when it tried to speak to a broader audience? This doesn’t represent the end or dilution of feminism, and it doesn’t mean that younger women don’t share many of the same concerns (e.g. the right to abort with trained medical assistance, or the right to be paid for their work).

  22. Also, “saucy?” Has Naomi Wolf decided to win feminist hearts and minds by emulating Helen Gurley Brown?

  23. Uh. I read part of one of HGB’s books…”Wild Again” I think it was.

    She doesn’t think sexual harassment in the workplace is a serious problem. Women like the attention, and it doesn’t hurt anybody!

    Once you’re over 30, you’re not too attractive, so in order to keep your man around (because no one prefers to be single/non monogamous, and what are lesbians?!) you need to worship his penis. If you don’t, then why would he stay?

    It’s your job to keep your husband. If another woman comes along and takes him away, that’s your fault. He doesn’t know better. So, once again, worship his penis.

    I didn’t make it too far in the book.

  24. Actually, HGB contributed money for Ms magazine’s start-up, according to Steinem’s book. (I assume this fact is covered in the bio?) HGB was pleased to see Ms on the scene and was always complimentary and positive about the magazine and Steinem.

    Those facts don’t exactly fit the “feminine-rivalry plot” of this tale, though, do they?

    (Okay–I admit to the Birkenstocks, but I just shaved. Really!)

  25. I’ve been slowly reading Bridget Crawford’s 2006 paper “Toward a Third-Wave Feminist Legal Theory: Young Women, Pornography and the Praxis of Pleasure” (link) and she cites Wolf’s Fire With Fire and says proponents of her philosophy called “3rd-Wave” feminism ” ‘babe feminism’ or ‘do-me feminism.'”

    Fine as far as it goes — an *invitation* for someone to, in Mackinnon’s not unreasonable grammar, subject/verb/object you is a step up from waiting for him to ask to do so, and it includes all the bingo buzzwords like agency, initiation, enthusiasm, and even preemptive consent. But invited or not, “do me” still puts you in the object category, even if you actively put yourself in it. The thing is that around the same time, *outside* the Wolf/SiTC orbit, there was already a lot more motion towards… I dunno… compound-subject/verb grammar emerging among women like Susie Bright where instead of “do me” it was a lot more like “let’s do each other” or “I’ll do you.”

    It’s obviously not a good idea to dismiss Wolf — she’s contributed a lot. Just like, for that matter, HGB did in her day. (That now-foolish Burt Reynolds centerfold she cooked up really did change the way a lot of people, especially *outside* feminism, thought about gender, objectification, and the possibility of women having independent desire.) But… whether or not they helped change it the world has changed. The question, I guess, is whether they’re still changing with it.

    figleaf

  26. Indeed, Naomi Wolf is fascinating because she is impossible to dismiss entirely — she’s right too frequently, and eloquent in her rightness. But at other times, she’s mad, superficial, infuriating, and embarrassingly self-aggrandizing at the expense of virtually every one else. Embrace her when she’s on target, excoriate her when she’s off, and keep reading. She’s not done.

    And I think she’s smart enough to avoid the mid-life switch to neoconservative traditionalism, though it’s obvious from her recent writing that that has some appeal for her.

  27. The problem is not a catfight but a progression. Each wave has a day, and sadly the day has come for a new wave. I look at women who write for 3rd wave sites, and see a determination to behave like sex and the city women, that is sex it up but not see the lack of progress for women.

    I see 3rd wavers as too timid to break out and support a female for potus. they behaved like sex in the city girls, crushing on Mr. Big, aka, Obama. And one has to admit the massive failure of 3rd wave to stop the assault on women from the media and as the above story on Fat women for the Court from the Daily Beast points out. The 90s sex and the city wave has totally sputtered. I don’t even bother with Broadsheet writers anymore or Feministing. It really is almost funny how those sited deify males. They both crushed hard on Jon Favreau for example, readers adn writers finding him so frat-boy cute. Hell, chuck the birkenstocks and the tattoos and give me real brain power now!

  28. Uh, Mark, you do know what a lot of people would qualify the Feministe writers and Feministe itself as “third wave,” right?

    A lot of us who supported Obama did so because of his policies and because we thought he would be the most effective leader, not because we were “crushing on Mr. Big” or because we’re too timid to support female candidates. That’s frankly insulting and demeaning, and assumes that young women are vapid schoolgirls instead of intelligent and engaged political actors. Interesting, too, that you would come to a feminist blog and, in the name of feminism, insult women (and use sexist tropes to insult young feminist women in particular). With allies like you, who needs enemies?

  29. I had no idea that you supported Obama, but I see i’ve struck a nerve. And when that is the case there is usally good reason why. I hope i am entitled to my opinion. I do see the young women on 3rd wave feminist web sites much like Carrie in sex in the city crushing on Obama like Mr. Big. It was very distresing to me.

    But more to the point, the massive failure of 3rd wave has to be addressed. If a job evaluation form comes your way it is best to honestly address the failures rather than get defensive about them.

  30. markd comes on here attacking one of the few people who has done more activism to help advance women than the vast, vast majority of people including himself, and he claims to be for women. Pretty funny.

    Yes, feministe and feministing and broadsheet often stand against the wave. They often fight a losing battle in the larger media, where sexism is pretty rampant in many, many forms, including ones so subtle that they aren’t noticed. But (1) they’re right, and (2) they don’t go away. Which makes them a threat to the status quo. You know what? That’s exactly what I like about them.

  31. Quelle nightmare!

    This line that made my skin peel off:

    “The stereotype of feminists as asexual, hirsute Amazons in Birkenstocks that has reigned on campus for the past two decades has been replaced by a breezy vision of hip, smart young women who will take a date to the right-on, woman-friendly sex shop Babeland.”

    Hirsute? HIRSUTE? I don’t know where to begin.

    Maybe just a small anecdote to say that most of us who STARTED the feminist sex toy stores didn’t shave.

    And that being strong, tall, fierce, and rockin’ the Birks (mine are gold butterflies) certainly has enhanced my “sex life” rather than rendered it mute.

    Most of the fictional unicorns immortalized on SATC don’t even know how to come.

    Fuck “breezy.” Breezy never liberated anything. What a bunch of absurd dichotomies!

  32. Let’s see… I have hairy armpits, hairy legs, and long hair down to my ass. I don’t wear Birkenstocks but I will wear makeup on occasion. I’m not young and by no means am I “breezy”. (LOL) Not only am I a sex writer, I have reviewed sex toys for Babeland (Wolf mentions that sex toys site). I have written scads of articles about feminism and family law while writing erotic short stories. My first paranormal erotic romance novel comes out in June. I’ve considered myself a feminist for over a decade, but far too many feminists don’t agree with me. So, am I still a feminist? Why are women pigeon-holed so often by other women?

  33. One night I had sex with a male friend of a female friend. He went up to her the next time he saw her and asked “did your friend tell you I fucked her?”

    She answered, “no, she told me she fucked you.” Which I did.
    I take back language from men, and so do many women I know.

    As for SATC – Samantha is the only one who I find feminist. Miranda has feminist tendencies…Charlotte and Carrie are just insipid and in no way feminists.

    Naomi Wolf has become…problematic. Maybe that’s why she doesn’t like the word.

  34. Agreed!

    What’s annoying to me is how these stereotypes (like any stereotypes) miss the intersections. I’m a hairy hippie who also likes sex toys – is there anything wrong with that? Similarly, I get tired of people saying that the “blogger feminists” or “online feminism” is all academic, all talking about and recognizing types of sexism, but not doing “real” activism. I firmly believe that education *is* activism. Yes, we need political and legal change and marching and volunteering and all that is great, but if we educate each other and younger men and women, then a lot of these problems are going to go away. Sometimes it’s not about the vote today (though that’s important too) but rather about raising a generation that’s going to find any other political choice appalling, and automatically go for the feminist option.

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