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More Double Standards

What’s our double standard this time? Multiple marriages: okay for men, something for women to be ashamed of.

WHEN Judith Giuliani recently revealed that she had been married not twice but three times, her disclosure caused a stir. In all the public accounts about her relationship with Rudolph W. Giuliani, the former New York mayor, why had it never come out that she had an earlier, four-year marriage before she wed Bruce Nathan, long assumed to be her first husband?

Asked in an interview with Barbara Walters on “20/20” that was broadcast Friday whether she had deliberately hidden the first marriage “because it might look bad that you had now three husbands,” Mrs. Giuliani said Mr. Giuliani, now a Republican presidential candidate, always knew. But she acknowledged that his run for national office required her to go public.

“And when I was asked, we discussed it,” she said. “That was my decision.”

Note that this is the third marriage for each of them. Yet only Judith felt it necessary to downplay that fact. And only Judith was being asked whether it “might look bad” that she had been thrice-married. The concern was that conservative voters would not accept a thrice-married First Lady, not that they would not accept a thrice-married President.

A more relevant question would be the role that Judith played in the very public and very ugly breakup of Rudy’s second marriage, in which Rudy let his wife (the mother of his children) know he was leaving her by squiring Judith in front of reporters and making a statement to the press. On Mother’s Day.

But it’s fascinating that Judith wouldn’t have told anyone about her first marriage had the issue not been forced by Rudy’s presidential ambitions. And she’s not the only woman who feels necessary to downplay the number of marriages she has had even as divorce and remarriage becomes more common:

Although third unions are losing shock value, some of the multiple married say they are still fearful of negative attitudes. You can always blame the first divorce on the ex, some experts noted, but by the second and third breakup it gets harder to point fingers.

“Something must be wrong with you,” Constance Ahrons, a family therapist in San Diego who researches and writes books on divorce and remarriage, said of an attitude still seen today. “We haven’t gotten over that for second and third marriages.”

For her third wedding, Donna Leeds surrounded herself with 100 friends, relatives and clients and had the big celebration she had missed out on in her first two marriages.

The third time was not the charm, however, and six years later Ms. Leeds ended up divorced, again. “I stayed with him for six years because I was embarrassed of having been married three times and not making it work,” she said.

That’s very telling. Women are expected to carry the emotional burden of a marriage, and if it doesn’t work out, there’s a suspicion that she failed at making it work. Even when the marriage breaks up due to the husband’s infidelity, blame is often cast on the wife — I mean, how many times have you heard some guy explaining away his indiscretions by referencing his wife’s coldness, or nagging, or unwillingness to give him head, or what have you?

One marriage breaking up can be blamed on bad luck, but absent being widowed, when a woman goes through multiple husbands, a lot of people feel that there’s something about her that’s not quite right in terms of her womanhood — that the failure of the marriages means that she’s not doing the kinds of things a woman should be doing to keep a marriage together. Like looking pretty or being nice or being loving or what have you.

That’s not to say, of course, that men who are married three times or more aren’t looked at funny. It’s just that the focus tends to be on what they actually *did* to contribute to the end of the marriages, rather than what they *didn’t* do, or what they *should have* done. So when, say, a Rudy Giuliani leaves his second wife for his mistress and lets her know via press conference, or Newt Gingrich leaves his second wife for his mistress and lets her know via divorce papers served to the hospital room where she was recovering from cancer, the focus is on their actions. Whereas their second wives are left wondering if things would have been different if only they’d been younger, or more attractive, or flattered them more.

And even when a woman doesn’t have a history of divorce in her own past, she can be affected by a partner’s previous divorces:

Part of her shame was the double standard she said divorced women have experienced. In fact, some divorce lawyers said third wives have fared worse than first wives in divorce settlements in the past, especially if the woman herself has had previous marriages, because it was assumed that a third marriage was worth less than the first.

“It’s O.K. if the man goes out and gets married three or four times,” Ms. Kendrick said. “For the woman, it almost makes her look like she’s sleeping around.”

Wasn’t that something that the oxytocin people say about multiple marriages (not to mention serial monogamy)? That it’s just the same as sleeping around? It’s all part of the idea that women get used up a little more with each man they have a relationship with? It’s definitely an exception to the usual idea that marriage confers some kind of magical protection against the depletion of the pussy. I guess it doesn’t count, though, unless the pussy is delivered to one’s husband hermetically sealed. Once some other man’s been in there, the magic is gone.


33 thoughts on More Double Standards

  1. This is a good post, and I think you also hit on another part of what’s going on in the viewings-with-horror of multiple-marriage women. Part of might be that people think the women must be deficient in some way, but I think a sizeable chunk of it is anxiety about (perceived) sexually voracious women who feel no real attachment to the man they’re currently banging. My guess is that some of the more respectable-sounding tsk-tsking is really just masking this more primal fear.

  2. I’m still getting past the fact that apparently people outside of comic books are named Bruce.

  3. The third time was not the charm, however, and six years later Ms. Leeds ended up divorced, again. “I stayed with him for six years because I was embarrassed of having been married three times and not making it work,” she said.

    It is not just teh sex. It is still thought to be the wife’s job to make the marriage work, what does it say about her competency when she hasn’t been able to control ‘her man’ and made the sacrifices necennary to keep him. How selfish must she be to be a three time loser.

    For men, divorce and remarriage is seen as upgrading but for women it is being fired with cause and taking a prestigious-looking McJob to compensate. Of course what does that say about Guiliani and Gingrich.

  4. *I’m* still getting past the fact that people outside of *Monty Python sketches* are named Bruce.

  5. This is a good post, and I think you also hit on another part of what’s going on in the viewings-with-horror of multiple-marriage women. Part of might be that people think the women must be deficient in some way, but I think a sizeable chunk of it is anxiety about (perceived) sexually voracious women who feel no real attachment to the man they’re currently banging. My guess is that some of the more respectable-sounding tsk-tsking is really just masking this more primal fear.

    The thing that kills me is that the third marriage of the woman who said that lasted 20 years!

    I mean, shouldn’t you don’t get some kind of break for a marriage that lasts 20 years?

  6. I think you should get a break for a marriage that lasts 20 years and ends in a divorce and not a murder.

  7. Mrs. Giuliana was afraid that people would think bad of her for having been married twice previously, but not at all afraid that people would think bad of her for sleeping with a married man with children, and parading around in public before his wife knew the marriage as over?

    I mean, the point is quite true that a man is seen as a cad where a woman is seen as a gold-digging ho, but Judith is not, like, the best example of the phenomenon.

  8. Mrs. Giuliana was afraid that people would think bad of her for having been married twice previously, but not at all afraid that people would think bad of her for sleeping with a married man with children, and parading around in public before his wife knew the marriage as over?

    Oh, that’s *such* a September 10 mindset.

  9. Huh. I always thought that men and women who’d been through three or more marriages had a knack for getting caught up in relationships with people that sucked.

    I think it’s also important to note the tremendous pressure people are still under to get married, especially in conservative communities. I know that if I had married my first boyfriend, we would have gotten divorced by now, because he kinda sucked and was completely wrong for me. But I didn’t think about any of that at the time.

  10. Even being married once before can be embarrassing for a lot of women. I married at 19 (damn religious stupidity) and it lasted for a year and eight months. I try not to tell people about it because I’m so sick of the reactions I get (I’m 29 now). Being a young divorced woman is a terrible stigma in a lot of circles, not just conservative ones. Not only are you used goods, but you’re also impulsive or fickle.

  11. *I’m* still getting past the fact that people outside of *Monty Python sketches* are named Bruce. – Laser Potato

    It’s actually not that uncommon of a name in the Jewish community (i.e. as an English “equivalent” to the Hebrew name of Baruch). I can, offhand, think of three people I know/have known named Bruce (and I suspect I’m missing a few) — two of which, appropriate to the Python reference, are/were professors (albeit not of the philosophy kind).

    Also, one of my uncles’ middle name is Bruce — for the same reason (his Hebrew name is “Daniel Baruch”).

  12. Wasn’t that something that the oxytocin people say about multiple marriages […]?

    I reckon the key element of the double standard is in the “multiple marriages” phrase: it’s the same double standard as how, in many societies allowing polygamy, polygyny is allowed but not polyandry. When a man has multiple marriages, it’s the same (albeit in serial rather than parallel fashion) as a man having multiple wives at the same time — and the same “he’s the macho provider” prestige attaches. OTOH, for a woman to have multiple husbands is viewed the same whether in series or parallel?

    Interestingly, in many cultures widows are not allowed to remarry but widowers are …

  13. DAS – interestingly but perhaps not surprisingly in cultures that do practice polyandry it *still* favors men economically, in terms of shared inheritance, and the woman basically becomes the domestic worker for a bunch of brothers, some of whom may be younger than her, instead of just one guy.

    So really, a sister can’t catch a break.

  14. You can be stigmatized for never being married, too…particularly if there have been willing men that you’ve rejected. Never-marrieds are a growing group, but we still get the old “Why haven’t you at least tried it? What’s wrong with you?!” attitude.

    I don’t want to try bungee jumping, either, but I reserve the right to change my mind in the future.

    A lot of people refuse to accept the reality that you might have remained single by choice *gasp!* If you’re a woman, you wind up dealing with the perception that you’ve stayed single specifically so that you can hump anything within arm’s length.

    Like Vanessa said, a sister can’t catch a break.

  15. I think you’re reaching a little here, zuzu. In my experience, social attitudes toward divorced men and women vary quite a bit from subgroup to subgroup. Sure, if you hang around with the male bastion, country-club, CEO crowd, there’s an over-representation of older, financially successful men on second or third marriages with younger women, and the double standard is certainly there. But there are a lot of people who take a pretty dim view of divorced men too, both on the far right and even among more liberal groups, where there is often an immediate suspicion that a guy is a loser, or a cheater, or has some other undesirable trait. Feminism has had more of an impact than you allow. It just hasn’t always made people nicer or more forgiving.

  16. Sometimes it’s hard to be a womaaaan
    Giving all your love to just one man
    You’ll have bad times and he’ll have good times
    Doin things that you don’t understaaaand

    But if you love him you’ll forgive him
    Even though he’s hard to understaaand
    And if you love him be proud of him
    Cause after all he’s just a maaan

    This post makes me sing country.

  17. So basically, from all of our multiple-married, once-divorced, or unmarried experiences, the only way for a woman’s marital status to get any respect is if she marries one guy and sticks with him forever and ever or have him kindly die off so she can either be a respectable widow or be rescued by some knight in shining armour. Nice.

  18. First, let me preface this by saying I had the prototypical dil-hole husband who cheated on me (I was 27 at the time, he was 31) with the much younger girl (18). I considered this a pretty morally repugnant act, considering; 1.) the girl was a high school student of his; 2.) we have a child; and 3.) cheating just plain sucks. However, throgh the glory of no-fault divorces, and the general societal apathy toward cheating , he walked out of that morass smelling like a rose. I actually think some level of condemnation of infidelity is a good thing,(If your word is no good, that is a real problem in my estimation). However, I do strongly believe it should be equally applied, and true condemnation should be heaped on people who talked the talk but failed to walk the walk . I feel the sexism lies in the fact that as a society, we have made divorce as as easy now as cheating has always been, which of course favors the unfaithful, who have usually been, and seem to still be, men. When we hold men and women to their word, and hold them equally accountable for their indiscretions, we will have moved marriage and divorce a lot close to true equity.

  19. For many years I blamed my initial desire to have and love only one person in my life on my early Catholic upbringing in combination with the massive psychological imprint of seeing my first movie, Sleeping Beauty, when I was 7 years old. (Sleeping Beauty is just too weird. A dragon/serpent/woman/witch, a handsome prince with a big, shiny magic sword he sticks into the witch in order to rescue a rufied princess.) Even into my 20s, I thought that having sex with a lot of people would somehow reduce the chance that, once you found your true love, the sex and love combined would somehow be forever diluted, never the hoped for equivalent of, say, a massive combination dose of mescaline and six cups of Starbucks. So I didn’t.

    I have since learned that having sex with more than one person (at a time, in combination, or as a serial monogamist) does not increase or decrease the love you can have for another human being one iota. Neither does it keep the sex from being any less sweaty, wet and wonderful as it was the first hundred times. And as for the social stigma, well, “We hold these truths . . .”

    Women are no less women for having none, one, or more than one partner in sex or in life. Men either.

  20. the only way for a woman’s marital status to get any respect is if she marries one guy and sticks with him forever and ever or have him kindly die off so she can either be a respectable widow or be rescued by some knight in shining armour

    That about sums it up.

  21. I agree about the double standard in society, but as a New Yorker whose first protest was an anti-Giuliani one, I’ve been following the Rudy coverage in the press very closely, and I think he’s gotten quite a lot of flak for being married three times and for brushing his first, annulled marriage to his second cousin (yep) under the rug. In fact, i think the reason people are harping on Judy’s three marriages is less because she’s a woman and way more because it keeps attention on Rudy’s three marriages and disastrous home life. Which in my opinion, can’t be a bad thing. The man is a thug.

  22. Y’know, in New York, it’s legal to marry your *first* cousin. Just a little tidbit I remember from the bar exam.

    I feel the sexism lies in the fact that as a society, we have made divorce as as easy now as cheating has always been, which of course favors the unfaithful, who have usually been, and seem to still be, men. When we hold men and women to their word, and hold them equally accountable for their indiscretions, we will have moved marriage and divorce a lot close to true equity.

    Most no-fault divorces are sought by women, which tells you something.

  23. Most no-fault divorces are sought by women, which tells you something.

    Yeah, it tells me that “He whines when I don’t have dinner ready when he comes home from work, even though I work too, he expects me to drop whatever I’m doing to help him out, and he acts like I asked him to kill a man for me when I ask him to please put the toilet seat back down when he’s done” isn’t considered legal “fault” the way infidelity is.

  24. Heh, my uncle is a Bruce. I think it’s his middle name, but I’ve never even heard what his actual first name is (Roger? I’m guessing?).

    And a character on “The Dead Zone” is a Bruce, but that’s fictional.

    I tend to think that anyone of either gender who’s been married a lot of times might have some issues- MIGHT- but it probably shouldn’t be tied to their gender or sluttiness. I don’t know why it’s worse to be Elizabeth Taylor than Mickey Rooney.

  25. I have been married twice. Divorced once. Currently legally separated from second husband.

    When my first marriage ended, it was still up in the air as to whose “fault” it was. But when my second marriage tanked, the family vultures came out and pointed their accusing fingers at me and said, “see, we knew it was her all along!”. My second failed marriage seemed to absolve my first husband of any responsibility for the demise of the first marriage (and he had done plenty, thank you very much). One really annoying thing was that most of the critics of my divorce were also the ones who pushed the idea of marriage on me in the first place, when I was probably too young to be making that sort of decision. I think that happens to a lot of women–they make you feel like you are aging out of the proper age to marry and you get pressure. I think men don’t get that until much later.

    My second failure also made me have to face up to the fact that I was clearly drawn to dysfunctional men/relationships. I was making bad choices. That’s a hard one to have to accept. And even harder to fix. It means you have to unlearn a lifetime of relationship lessons.

    I’m a little embarrassed to admit that even though my 2nd husband and I have been legally separated for over 18 months (my state requires 12 months, so we have passed that), I have not made the move to finalize things. I think part of that is dreading the stigma of being divorced yet again. My marriage isn’t functional, but its not a divorce either. I didn’t even tell my family about my separation, I managed to avoid that for months (living long distance helped that.) I still have never “officially” told them, although at this point they have put it all together. And most of them have not mentioned it to me, probably because its shameful to them.

    I am not sure this is a stigma that is reserved only for women. I had a friend who dated a guy who had been divorced three times. He was a really nice guy, but she couldn’t get past the history. I think part of it was because she knew he probably had relationship issues. But a big part of it was that she felt like he was somehow “used up” and was embarrassed to present him to her family. Another acquaintance dated a different guy, also married three times, and she called him Married Three Times Guy.

    I just started a new job, and as I meet new people, I end up having to dance around the marital status issue. My boys also have different last names (one from each marriage) so it often comes up that way too. It gets very awkward, and I always feel like somehow it makes me look less valid. At work, I feel like it diminishes my professionalism. At my sons’ schools, I worry that it gives the impression that our household is dysfunctional. In the meantime, plenty of two-parent homes can be completely dysfunctional, but they are validated by their “appropriate” marital status. Its frustrating.

  26. Not to completely and totally derail this thread (sorry, Zuzu!) but…

    Frankly, the stories about Mrs. Guliani’s former work involving torturing dogs, I don’t give a damn about her divorces.

    I’m not overwhelmed by the idea of citing the NY Post as my source, so here’s Kos instead. Which is clearly so much better.

    *sigh*

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